Race, culture and identity ( social policy and criminology) Free Essay Example, 2750 words

Black, as a group category, refers to the black-skinned people of the African continent. As the Black became subjects to slavery and oppression, the identity of the Black as slaves is a result of socio-political action, which is colonisation. These two aspects are significant in the formation of self-hood as the morale of the Black is affected by the adverse treatment of their masters. As a result of slavery, Black-White antagonism develops and remains in White societies worldwide (Nagel, 1994, p. 153). According to Zach (2007, p. 102), race and ethnicity have distinct differences; ethnicity may be based on cultural traditions, while race refers to physical appearance. Race and ethnicity are essential factors influencing the development of identity (Chavez and Guido-DiBrito (1999, p. 40), and those concepts are necessary in understanding one’s self, society, and ancestry (Bernasconi, 2007, p. 123). With this definition, it can be said that racial and ethnic ascriptions determ ine the identity of a person. As mentioned by Ross (2003, p. 20), race, in the sociological context, is used as a technology in sorting people into different classes. As it relates to the Black subject, the word â€Å"race† becomes a symbol of historical and cultural injustice because of the prevailing misrepresentation of the African race, which signifies anger and dirt. We will write a custom essay sample on Race, culture and identity ( social policy and criminology) or any topic specifically for you Only $17.96 $11.86/pageorder now While it can be said that race and ethnicity can be interpreted in different ways, those two concepts are closely intertwined as these determine the identity of a person or group. As the Blacks face issues such as racial discrimination and slavery, being Black means more than just a difference in color. What It Means To Be â€Å"Black† The term â€Å"Black† refers to those people with African decent; they are regarded as the â€Å"other† color. As this paper focuses on the race, identity, and ethnicity of the Black subject, it is necessary to provide readings on the identity of the Black. In the words of Du Bois (2006, p. 9), being â€Å"Black† means containing within one’s self two conflicting personalities and ideals: â€Å"One ever feels his twoness, --an American, a Negro: two souls, two thoughts, two unreconciled strivings; two warring ideals in one dark body, whose dogged strength alone keeps it from being torn asunder. † This duality of nature confronts Blacks as they struggle to fit into two societies. Frank Fannon, in his essay The Fact of Blackness, describes his experiences as a Black in the light of the â€Å"white† power. According to Fannon (1952, p. 62), the African color seems like a corporeal malediction, which reminds Africans that there is more to color than its extrinsic value.

Essay on Supernatural Forces in Macbeth - 1108 Words

The Play â€Å"Macbeth† by William Shakespeare is shaped by supernatural forces with the use of the weird witches, the apparition of the ghost, and the floating dagger. These forces lead Macbeth to act in the way he did and add suspense to the play. The play opens with the three witches, and later on Macbeth and Banquo encounter them. They prophesized that Macbeth will be promoted to Thane of Cawdor, and then become King of Scotland. In addition to that, Banquo was told that his sons shall be kings, but never himself. Macbeth was skeptical about the prophesies, but until some of King Duncan’s men came to inform Macbeth that that he was to be named Thane of Cawdor due to the betrayal of the previous and condemned to death. Then Lady Macbeth†¦show more content†¦If Macbeth didn’t know about this prophecy he would have happily took his position as Thane of Cawdor, but knowing he will be King drove him to commit murder. Macbeth was rapidly changed from an h onorable general to an evil tyrant. â€Å"The witches did not tell him to commit murder; all that was necessary was for them to suggest the fact of the crown, and they could trust Macbeth to overcome the obstacles in his way just as they would have him† (Wiley, 45). This emphasizes the fact that the play is shaped by the supernatural. This lead to the murder of Duncan, then to get rid of his obstacles he kills the guards. The Witches also reveal â€Å"Thou shalt get kings, though thou be none† (1.3.67) to Banquo. This knowledge leads Macbeth to send Murderers to kill Banquo and his son. This is more evidence to show that the words of the witches construct the plays events. The witches play an important role they have the ability to predict the future and affect it too. Without their warnings and predictions Macbeth wouldn’t have chosen to act in the way he did. In their second appearance they prophesize that that he cannot be harmed by no one born of woman, a c hild with a crown represents Malcolm, and he’s warned about the moving Great Birnam wood to high Dunsinane Hill. â€Å"But yet I’ll make assurance double sure, and take a bond of fate† (4.1.83-84).Show MoreRelated Supernatural in Shakespeares Macbeth - Supernatural Forces Essay example775 Words   |  4 PagesThe Supernatural in Macbeth      Ã‚   In Macbeth, there are many sections that refer to the involvement of the supernatural.   The use of the supernatural in the script, the witches, the visions, the ghost of Banquo, and the apparitions, are key elements making the concept of the play work and in making the play interesting.   Witches, spirits, ghosts and apparitions are a major factor in developing the play.         Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The use of the supernatural occurs at the beginning of the play, withRead MoreMacbeth - Supernatural Forces Cause the Fall of Man in Macbe1049 Words   |  5 PagesIn Shakespeare s Macbeth supernatural forces create a suspenseful atmosphere. The use of the supernatural in the witches, the visions, the ghost and the apparitions provides the backbone of the climax and excuses for Macbeth s change of character. Because conscience plays such a central role in Macbeth s tragic struggle, many critics use spiritual and supernatural theories to illuminate the drama s character development. The play opens with the use of the supernatural when three witchesRead MoreThe Ultimate Downfall of Macbeth Due to Guilt 842 Words   |  3 PagesIn the play Macbeth by William Shakespeare, Macbeth’s ultimate downfall is due to the guilt he feels over everything he has done. The motif of supernatural forces, specifically the hallucinations and lack of sleep that Macbeth experiences, project the force of the guilt that eventually causes Macbeth’s destruction. Shakespeare uses the motif of supernatural forces to express how the force of the guilt Macbeth feels eventually leads to his final demolition in the play Macbeth. The recurring supernaturalRead MoreSupernatural Elements Of Macbeth By William Shakespeare1076 Words   |  5 PagesSupernatural Forces In Macbeth 1)Even today people struggle with whether or not to believe in supernatural forces, such as ghosts or witchcraft, but those who would admit that they let the supernatural guide their behaviors and predict their futures would be harder to find. 2) Shakespeare’s play, Macbeth, takes place during medieval times when many people believed strongly in the presence and power of witchcraft and in the supernatural. 3) In Macbeth, Shakespeare uses three witches, a floating daggerRead MoreMacbeth - Supernatural Theme809 Words   |  4 PagesThe presence of supernatural forces in William Shakespeare s, Macbeth, provides for much of the play s dramatic tension and the mounting suspense. Several supernatural apparitions throughout the play profoundly affect Macbeth and the evil forces eventually claim Macbeth and destroy his morals. Macbeth s ambition was driven by the prophecies of the three witches and unlike Banquo, he was willing to do anything to assure that they actually transpir e. Macbeth is horrified at the notion of killingRead MoreThe Supernatural Element Of William Shakespeare s Macbeth1265 Words   |  6 PagesWhat is interesting is what each supernatural element represents in Shakespeare’s society and in our current society. The supernatural elements in Macbeth include fate, the witches, mythological beings, ghosts, and apparitions. I believe that the witches in Shakespeare’s time, in the play and in real life, represent the power of choice. The power to be able to decide to commit murder or any other heinous act or decide to let things naturally happen shows the classic choice between good and evil,Read MoreThemes in Macbeth742 Words   |  3 PagesWithin Shakespeare s famous Macbeth there are many different themes that make the play the captivating masterpiece that it is. The role of the supernatural is a very important element of Shakespeare s Macbeth. Just as important, the theme of masculinity is very dominant. Both themes contribute to the play s unique and powerful nature, overall creating a very effective storyline, strong characters, and unexpected twists and turns throughout. In the time of William Shakespeare thereRead MoreShakespeares Use of the Supernatural in Macbeth Essay868 Words   |  4 PagesThe supernatural was a popular element in many of the plays written in Shakespeares time (including Hamlet) and everyone of Shakespeares time found the supernatural fascinating. Even King James I took a special interest in supernatural and written a book, Daemonologie, on witchcraft. It must be remembered that, in Shakespeares day, supernatural referred to things that were above Nature; things which existed, but not part of the normal human life and unexplainable. The play Macbeth involves manyRead MoreEssay On Supernatural Manipulation In Macbeth773 Words   |  4 PagesThe play, Macbeth, is established around the central idea that once you have completely abandoned your mind, morals, and being you lose everything you have. It is clear that the acts committed by the conflicted and mislead Macbeth, have the potential to shatter him as a mortal, such is the overall theme of Macbeth. But, when contemplating the presence of the unnatural forces in the play it is difficult to truly decipher what is meant by their intentions. The intervention of the supernatural evidentlyRead MoreMacbeths Tragic Downfall Portrayed in Shakespeares Macbeth Essay1052 Words   |  5 PagesShakespeare’s Macbeth is full of supernatural forces and events. These supernatural forces were a very big role in the creation of a suspenseful atmosphere as well as in the development of the character Macbeth. Additionally, they justified his changing personality, beliefs, and morals. The inclusion of prophetical witches, ghosts, apparitions and visions eventually led to Macbeth’s tragic downfall. The very first scene of the play introduces supernatural forces in the form of three witches, also

Refraction Of Light Essay Example For Students

Refraction Of Light Essay Purpose: To investigate the behavior of light when it passes from air into an optically denser medium. Prediction / Hypothesis: When the light (incident ray) passes from air into an optically denser medium with an angle of incidence equal to zero, there would be no refraction. When the light passes at an angle from air into an optically denser medium, the light (incident ray) will immediately change direction and bent towards the normal which has an angle of incidence of 0#61616;. Method: 1. The semicircular plastic block was placed on the center of the backside of a clean page in the lab book. Then, its outline was traced and the location of the center of the center of the flat side was marked. 2. A single ray of light from the ray box was directed to the center of the flat side at an angle of incidence of about 0#61616;. The location and direction of both the incident and emergent rays were marked. 3. Without moving the block, the raybox was moved and was still directed at the center of the flat side but the angle of incidence is about 15#61616;. Then it is labeled (2) for second set of rays. 4. This was repeated until about fifteen incident and emergent ray pairs with angles of incidence ranging from about 0#61616; to 89#61616; were obtained. Diagram:Apparatus:1) Ray box2) Semicircular plastic blockObservations/Analysis:# of the ray setAngle of incidence (I)Angle of refraction (R)SinISinR10#61616;0#61616;00215#61616;10#61616;.25.17322#61616;12#61616;.37.2426#61616;19#61616;.43.32530#61616;22#61616;.5.37637#61616;23#61616;.6.39740#61616;26#61616;.64.44848#61616;29#61616;.74.48953#61616;30#61616;.79.51058#61616;34#61616;.84.551162#61616;38#61616;.88.611268#61616;41#61616;.92.651374#61616;44#61616;.96.691481#61616;46#61616;.98.711582#61616;48#61616;.99.74 As a ray of light passes from air into glass, the ray of light is bent towards the normal. This is always the case when light passes from one medium to another that is optically denser. Conclusions:From the experiment, we can see that as the angle of incidence increases, the angle of refraction decreases. The sin I vs. sinr graph shows that Sin I = constantSin R The ratio of the sine of the angle of incidence to the sine of the angle or refraction is a constant (also known as Snells Law)Sources of error:The measurements were not accurate. Some rays might not pass through the center of the block.